The early forms of ETH on mk1s used heater banks that were 250v elements on some vehicles that were connected in series hence why the Southern vehicles were 750v only. Some elements were odd voltages like 380v connected in series. There was also some other elements who's rating was 800v/1000v.
With the advents of pressure vent mk2s with 3 heater banks in the PV unit these also used 250v elements connected in series in each bank. When the later non pressure vent MK2s appeared 1000v elements started to appear
ETH voltage provided from the alternator fitted locos will vary between 775v to 1050v depending on auxiliary load/battery charge and engine speed, on locos fitted with ETH generators the voltage will vary very little due to engine speed range due to the automatic voltage regulator controlling the output. On Deltics the ETH is tapped off the traction generator and vary quite a lot, one of the main problems with this was the low voltage that can come from the generator hence why the ETH drops out on Deltics at lower working voltages, this caused many problems with motor alternator set as they would be running down the suddenly getting a burst of voltage causing overspeeds flashovers and over heating of both the M/A and the ballast resistors in some of the control units of the M/As.
All the M/A sets function in very similar ways i.e. the motor part runs off the ETH voltage and the alternator set will the provided 415v 3 phase for running the auxiliary equipment and the mk2s provided 28v dc for battery charging.
As Russ states the polarity cannot be mixed as the plugs and sockets are at opposite sides i.e. the cables cross on the vehicles, the interlock wire will prevent the contractors on the loco from closing if this circuit is not complete ( pugs not correctly inserted of left out). The voltage is not always 110v, shore supplies can be anything from 24 vdc to 240 vac.
Al Taylor