Just a quick +1 to Tim Shackelton's Books, and they are quite funny to read too.
One technique that is reversible is using Daler Rowney Gouache paint. It's an oil based paint pigment with a water carrier, so it never "plasticizes" like other paints. The paint comes in small tubes, 24 for £12 if you search about. A piece the size of a pea is more than enough, dilute slightly, with a touch of washing up liquid to remove any surface tension. Cover the piece of rolling stock in your paint with a distemper brush or less coarse, let it dry, then re-wet the dried paint with clean water and draw off the excess, leaving dirt in the places it naturally builds up. You can let it dry, go for a pint, come back and if it's too heavy to your eye, reactivate the paint with clean water, and remove more. You can keep fooling about with different shades, colours, tones, textures, and if you've made a complete hames of the thing, you can simply wash it off, several months later even, returning it to a pristine model.
Burnt and Raw Sienna, Burnt and Raw Umber, along with Paynes Grey are my few tubes of choice for relatively small outlay, and should last years.
It's a great way of making vents, panel lines, weld seams, and the like "pop" in the same way that dirt builds up in real life. As for track dirt and and muck that is something that must be applied by an airbrush to replicate the effect or how it gets there in prototype land, but the above technique should allow you to have a crack, without destroying your beloved stock.
HTH
Richard M