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GWR Loco coal wagon (diagram N13)


magmouse

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Locos need coal. I haven't started building the loco stock I will need for Netherport, but I thought I would get ahead by building a loco coal wagon.

 

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Slaters offer a kit for a 10T example, which claims to be a diagram N13 - ideal for my 1908 period. However, there are some significant issues with the kit, most notably that it has square corners with riveted angle-iron reinforcement, while the prototype had round corners with no reinforcement. Later types had square corners, and the kit is closer to those, but they are out of my period.

 

Another problem with the kit is the body width, which scales at about 7'6" against the prototype's 8'0" over the side panels. Although the discrepancy is only 3.5mm is 7mm scale, I felt it was important in terms of the character of the wagon to get this right - looking at photographs, it is noticeable how low and wide these wagons were, compared with a typical narrow-and-tall wooden coal wagon of the period.

 

A final issue with the body of the kit is the top edge of the sides and ends, which is represented as a riveted strip, when it should be an outward-facing L-section.

 

I addition, the underframe and brake gear uses the same mouldings as the 5-plank open kit, and they have the same issues I described in my build for that:

 

 

I hope this isn't seen as too negative - the kit's mouldings have very nice, crisp detail, and considering one only pays a few pounds for these compared with the cost of buying the wheels, buffers and couplings separately, it is excellent value. Despite the amount of work needed to address the issues above, I would rather modify the kit and benefit from the very neat rivet and ironwork detail, than start from scratch.

 

So, to begin: the first task was to widen the body and create the round corners. I glued some 40x156 thou strip to each corner on the chamfer, to make the width 56mm. I then filed down the added strip and moulded rivets, to give a flush finish. The picture shows (top and bottom-right) the added strip, and (bottom-left) the finished result:

 

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The rivet detail was also removed from the ends of the sides:

 

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The sides and ends were glued together, built around my right-angle block and held in place with magnets:

 

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The inside of the corners were strengthened with L-section plastruct. This is essential, as a lot of the original corners is later filed away to make their rounded shape.

 

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The corners were rounded initially with a file, but to get the final shape and a consistent radius, I made a scrapper from a piece of thick scrap etch brass:

 

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The scrapper is used by dragging it along the corner, held almost at right-angles to the direction of movement. The scrapper shaves off the plastic until the required shape is reached. When I thought it was done, I painted the corners black to make it easier to see any last lumps and bumps.

 

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To create the correct L-section along the top edges of the sides, I added a strip of brass, jutting out. The existing moulded detail then made the vertical part of the L-section, with its rivets.

 

To stop the sides looking far too thick when seen from above, I used brass strip of the correct width, but not covering the whole of the top of the side moulding, so I could then file back the inside edge. I made a couple of tee-shaped jigs to position the strip while gluing it, to get a consistent position. The strip was glued on with cyano-acrylate glue:

 

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The finished result, with the corners of the brass strip rounded:

 

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The next step was to reduce the thickness of the sides at the top, filing the plastic back as far as the brass strip. The inside of the corners are rounded with a half-round file. All this requires care and patience - there is a lot of plastic to remove, and the wagon body is quite delicate before the floor is fitted. Eventually it was done, though, and the floor could be added - I hade a new one from plasticard to ensure it was a precise fit:

 

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(the red dot on the floor and side show which way round and up the floor goes)

 

Of course, this strategy to get thin-looking sides and ends only works with a loaded model - the tapering of the sides would be too obvious with an empty wagon, which would need internal detailing in any case.

 

The underframe was modified and put together in the same way as for the 5-plank wagon, except that this time I assembled it on the floor, which was easier than putting it together before attaching it to the body:

 

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As before, the headstocks need to be extended and angled:

 

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The prototype has a profusion of gussets and side-knee extensions connecting the body and solebar - these were added with plasticard. The brake-gear was based on Ambis and WEP components:

 

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To make the shape for the load, I used my usual technique - a former carved from a stack of corrugated cardboard glued together and covered with papier-mâché (I had to look up those accents!). This was glued into the wagon, and the gap round the edge filled with lightweight wall filler. The whole thing was then sealed with enamel gloss varnish, to ensure the glue for the coal can't run down under the former.

 

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The wagon was ready for the paintshop, with my usual paper masking for the wheels:

 

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Painting was a bit of a faff with this wagon. I started with an undercoat of sprayed matt black from a rattle-can. My first attempt at the top coat was with Precision GWR wagon grey. This came out slightly streaky, despite being very fully mixed with a stirrer in my mini drill. (It is worth saying at this point that I am skeptical about the idea that loco coal wagons were black, rather than standard GWR grey).

 

My second attempt was with a mix of Vallejo acrylics - approx 5:1 black and white. This looked quite dark - more like a not very deep black than a grey. I then did a test piece, and found that weathering with powders could bring the colour to where I wanted it.

 

Lettering was from the Slater’s transfer sheet provided with the kit, with no gloss varnish undercoat. I applied them with Micro Set, following the instructions.

 

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This left slight ‘water marks’, but these disappeared under a coat of matt Vallejo acrylic varnish. This was followed by plenty of grey weathering powder while still very slightly tacky, or at least soft. This gave an almost completely matt finish, covered the watermarks and made the edge of the transfers invisible.

 

As a side note, for a less weathered or new finish, the Vallejo “matt” varnish gives a nice sheen for a new wagon. It would though need a glossier finish under the transfers, or perhaps just over the transfers, to hide the edges before the matt varnish went on.

 

For the load, I used real coal, in large lumps as per prototype photos. Some pieces were quite shiny, so I tried applying a waft of Tamiya spray matt varnish. This turned some of the coal pieces white in patches - aghhh! I have no idea what chemical reaction caused this, and I was able to fix this by touching in with matt black paint, but be warned...

 

And there we are - once I get to building the first loco for Netherport, there will be loco coal waiting for it.

 

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Nick.

 

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  • RMweb Gold

That was a lot of work you had to put in to that kit, but well worth the final result.

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I like the method for increasing the width.

 

There are vertical rows (columns?) of rivets on the ends that don't get a mention... Also the triangular fillets on the corners of the top angle.

 

Coal is, or can be, shiny - especially, I think, as hewn out of the seam, and of one of the harder varieties. This should be Welsh steam coal - I don't know how hard that was.

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29 minutes ago, 57xx said:

That was a lot of work you had to put in to that kit, but well worth the final result.


Thanks - yes, this one is definitely not a ‘shake the box’’ kit, at least if you want it to represent a diagram N13 accurately. It would be close to a later type (N20, N21? I don’t have the books to hand) though the doors were wider on those, I think.

 

24 minutes ago, Compound2632 said:

There are vertical rows (columns?) of rivets on the ends that don't get a mention... Also the triangular fillets on the corners of the top angle.


Good point - the corner rivets are Archers transfers, and could have done with being a size larger to be closer to the moulded ones. The triangular fillets are just pieces of plasticard - a distinctive feature of the prototype, and especially visible on a model which tends to be viewed from above.

 

24 minutes ago, Compound2632 said:

Coal is, or can be, shiny - especially, I think, as hewn out of the seam, and of one of the harder varieties. This should be Welsh steam coal - I don't know how hard that was.


Indeed, though looking at photos you don’t often get really large flat faces of coal catching the light, as tends to happen with at model scale. We can make this worse by using multiple-source lighting, so there is more chance of light reflecting off a face and into the eye - you therefore get more ‘sparkle’ than you would with a single light source (the sun) or diffused light (sky or overcast).

 

Anthracite is the hardest and shiniest coal, I think, with steam coal one or two steps along the spectrum towards the very soft coals. 
 

Nick.

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7 hours ago, magmouse said:

Thanks - yes, this one is definitely not a ‘shake the box’’ kit, at least if you want it to represent a diagram N13 accurately. It would be close to a later type (N20, N21? I don’t have the books to hand) though the doors were wider on those, I think.

 

I suppose that the same applies to the 4 mm scale kit?

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What an excellent result, hardly recongizable from the original kit. And a convincing proof of concept with the scrapper!

 

I like the  angle block + magnets. Is it a dedicated item for modelling or a good find?

 

Edited by Mikkel
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1 hour ago, Compound2632 said:

I suppose that the same applies to the 4 mm scale kit?

 

Checking in the Bible, the first square-cornered types were diagram N20 in 1915, and the Slaters (ex Coopercraft) 7mm kit would be a reasonable match for that, except the width issue still applies. I assume the same would be true for the 4mm kit, but I haven't looked at it closely.

 

After that, a series of diagrams relate to increases in capacity (up to 12T), length, brake gear, etc.

 

For those not familiar, and trying to understand the diagram numbers, the reason for the jump from the N13 I modelled to N20 is that there was a diagram N19, which was an N13 with DCIII brakes and (on later batches) self-contained buffers, and other diagrams for larger capacity wagons (12T, 20/21T, 40T).

 

Nick.

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45 minutes ago, Mikkel said:

What an excellent result, hardly recongizable from the original kit. And a convincing proof of concept with the scrapper!

 

I like the  angle block + magnets. Is it a dedicated item for modelling or a good find?

 

 

Thanks, Mikkel. I am pleased with this one, which I think catches the character of the original.

 

The angle block is from Axminster Tools, what they call a "Ground Angle Plate - 50mm": https://www.axminstertools.com/axminster-ground-angle-plate-50mm-800300?queryID=3730d40a3b5b0c5ff7d9a6eff2bedea3

 

It isn't cheap, but very useful, being accurately ground to have right angles to all the reference faces, heavy enough to act as a weight while glue dries, and usable with small magnets as clamps.

 

The only downside is it is just too big to fit inside most pre-grouping wagons, so you can do the first corner, but not the second. The loco coal wagon here is unusually wide for the period, so I was able to fit the block inside it.

 

Nick.

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The model is first class Nick.

 

Coal size does seem to vary depending on end user requirments - I've often wondered what a fireman's shovel was for having looked at the size of lumps of Welsh steam coal.

 

It used to be "was it red or grey?" Now "was it grey or black?".  I think I spy a rabbit hole here but the finish on the wagon is superb either way.

 

So that's what the little scraper was for (you referenced  it in Mikkel's thread about the Farthing station building): it certainly does the job, an inconsistent line on the corners would be the proverbial sore thumb.

 

Is the brake gear 'out of the box' or from another source? It looks very good.

 

I noticed the ground angle block+magnets and your reply to Mikkel's query.  Arc Euro do something similar but in a variety of sizes (again, not cheap) with several sizes in a set: https://www.arceurotrade.co.uk/Catalogue/Workholding/Vee-Blocks-Angle-Plates/Stevensons-Metric-Blocks.  As a learning project when I first got a lathe, I turned up some small steel blocks perp on all faces - they are in constant use in the same way you've used them here but also as simple weights (or as my grandfather had it, "gravity clamps" ).

 

 

PS - photos superb.  Will go back to your explanation of technique again as latest output from Swan Hill, awful. Kit PW

Edited by kitpw
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Thanks, Kit.

 

Yes, the black/grey thing is another rabbit hole, which has been discussed here before in various places. In some ways less contentious, as one person's dirty black is another person's less-dirty grey... I have an ulterior motive to work on the basis of grey for loco coal wagons, which is that logically they would then have been red in the earlier period. I have a fancy for the 20T diagram N4 loco coal wagon, with Thomas brake and cast number plates, shown in new condition in the Bible. I am convinced that wagon is in red!

 

The brake gear on this one uses a WEP etching for all the main parts, except the 'swan' lever and ratchet mechanism, which is the original plastic moulding in the kit. The moulding for the shoes and push rods is nice, but has the rods the wrong way round for DC brakes (they should be left-over-right for DC). The WEP etch gets this right, but still has the shoes too far from the wheels (a pet peeve of mine), so I solder it all up, cut the rods from the tumbler with a piercing saw, and re-solder.

 

Thanks for the link to the blocks - they look great. I have seen them before in the background of people's workbench photos, but I struggled to locate them because I didn't know what they are called and therefore couldn't search for them online! I think I will get a couple of the smaller ones - they look ideal for assembling wagons, etc.

 

Nick.

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9 hours ago, magmouse said:

The angle block is from Axminster Tools, what they call a "Ground Angle Plate - 50mm": https://www.axminstertools.com/axminster-ground-angle-plate-50mm-800300?queryID=3730d40a3b5b0c5ff7d9a6eff2bedea3

 

It isn't cheap, but very useful, being accurately ground to have right angles to all the reference faces, heavy enough to act as a weight while glue dries, and usable with small magnets as clamps.

 

The only downside is it is just too big to fit inside most pre-grouping wagons, so you can do the first corner, but not the second. The loco coal wagon here is unusually wide for the period, so I was able to fit the block inside it.

 

If you do a matching pair of 1 side +1 end glued square with the block, then when you come to glue the two resulting parts, it's hard not to get a square (rectangular for the pedants) final assembly of the sides and ends.

 

7 hours ago, magmouse said:

 

Thanks for the link to the blocks - they look great. I have seen them before in the background of people's workbench photos, but I struggled to locate them because I didn't know what they are called and therefore couldn't search for them online! I think I will get a couple of the smaller ones - they look ideal for assembling wagons, etc.

 

 

The are known as 123 (or sometimes 321) blocks, as they traditionally are 1" x2" x3".

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1 hour ago, 57xx said:

If you do a matching pair of 1 side +1 end glued square with the block, then when you come to glue the two resulting parts, it's hard not to get a square (rectangular for the pedants) final assembly of the sides and ends.


Yes, that is what I do, though you still can’t use the block to hold everything square with the magnets.

 

1 hour ago, 57xx said:

The are known as 123 (or sometimes 321) blocks, as they traditionally are 1" x2" x3".


Brilliant - just the info needed. Thanks -

 

Nick.

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