To read DCC voltage accurately you need a true RMS (Root Mean Square) voltage multimeter, a Rramp Meter ( https://dcccentral.com.au/shop/rramp-meter-v1/ ) or an oscilloscope.
Many ordinary digital multimeters will give a reasonably close reading if they are used on the AC voltage scale but some meters will be very inaccurate. DCC voltage is usually about 15 volts, not 12volt. Some systems have DCC voltages of 18 volts or so.
If you want to rectify DCC to obtain a dc supply it would be best to construct a bridge rectifier from 4 high speed diodes, ordinary diodes may not work properly due to the high frequency of DCC (very roughly about 8 KHz)